H/508/0525Understanding and Leading Change Unit 2 Level 5

Task 1

P 1. Comparison of Different Organizations and Impact of Change on their Strategies and Operations

Thomas Cook is considered one of the leading British travel or peripatetic company whose name has been listed on the Stock Exchange of London. It comprises a large number of workers that has been recognized as approx. 21,788 in recent years. They used to cater various kinds of hospitality services (Fagerström, 2012). Some of their work is associated with insurance, designing world - wide trips packages, passports, and so on.

On the other hand, Cosmos Tour is another venture which acts as independent tour operator. This was founded or set up in the year of 1961. It has been observed that they are allied with the Globus Travel Group that is working on global level. This company was developed in 1928 and also used to deal with tourism sector. The headquarter of Globus Travel Group are located at Lugano, Switzerland. At the same time, Cosmos Tour is treated as one of the optimum leisure, trip and travelling firms, which is catering assorted forms of outing packs.

Both of them are being impacted by the modifications or changes occurring in business environment. Such effects can be positive or negative as well. This could be better understood by below-written points :

Task 2

P 2. Ways in which internal & external drivers of change affect leadership and other factors

Frontrunners and managers are considered the most valuable part of an enterprise since they used to play the role of an instructor who usually provided correct directions along with forming appropriate principle for entire workforces. This is a fruitful aid in accomplishing each and every predetermined organisational ambition and objective as well. In simpler word, it could be stated that leaders have special ability, power and quality that help them impact the manners & nature of performance of workers (Malenfant, 2010). This is done by motivating or inspiring whole manpower to complete specific task in fixed interval of time. In addition to that, if any change emerges in market place, then company like Thomas Cook has to work accordingly so as to make their strong presence in front of different rivalries. At the same time, leaders are having responsibility to carry out all works as per the modifications which happened recently. For doing the same, they try to encourage their team members so that no one goes against it and gives their contribution properly.

As Thomas Cook is associated with sector of travel & tourism, instance changes used to occur at this region due to various reasons like change in need or demands of travellers, offering of low-priced services by their possible competitors, entrance of other ventures in existence, market location and many more. These all lead to influencing various aspects of referred organization, like the behavior of each worker, whole performance of team, entire leadership, etc. These prospects would be understood by mentioned discussion :

Internal factors :

Interior dynamics are treated as those that may impact complete commerce from inside. Some of them, along with their effects, are described as follows :

Culture of corporation : Culture is considered as a significant aspect that fully impacts the leadership of Thomas Cook. Members of this venture include work forces of different division, employers, suppliers, tour operators, etc., which comprise of variant attitudes, nature, behaviour, standards, structure, and thoughts regarding ethics and morals (Fagerström and Salmela, 2010). Thus, if any alteration took place, then it is very tough task to convince all people to start their work as per the changes as they become habituated to past tradition. Therefore, in this context, leaders as well as managers get influenced riskily or adversely since they have to manage all chores in proper manner.

Nature of the workers : Employees are having different natures, and that is why each of them react to changes in contrasting manner. Some of the worker might get convinced with the assistance of leaders or from their inspirational speeches, which they used to deliver for motivating personnels to accept challenges and act accordingly. On the other hand, there are few employees who may not get convinced and as a bad result, they oppose changes. Such kind of opposition are shown by means of strikes, working improperly, lower attendance of staff members, & so on (Fullan, 2014). Thus, here front runners come in danger since owners of higher authority of referred organisation order them to look after these forms of chores and provide them duty to complete the daily basis work associated with tourism in accordance to the changes. Therefore, leaders get mentally disturbed as they feel pressure on their heads.

External factors :

Exterior components give straight effect on the commercial operations as well as procedures from outside surrounds to the Thomas Cook. Consequently, managers and front frontrunners are required to focus on these forces. For the same, they need to take efficient decisions associated with each and every policy, standard& prospect of company so as to make good positioning in market even after adapting changes.

External factors might not be handled by the members of administration but they would manage it in correct style. Some of the external factors are highlighted as follows :

Economic condition of nation : Uncertainties or fluctuations occurring in the rate of economy of country wherein Thomas Cook used to operate could greatly effect the entire commercial actions of denoted corporation. If it gets reduced, then, as a worst result, firm might go in loss. Leaders are the ones who get impacted as they have work as per the quantity of revenue earned by them.

Rise in competition : This is a main element which has effect on performance of team and whole leadership of Thomas Cook. It has been seen that large number of new competitors are coming into current market place of tourism industry and they are also delivering alike services at minimum cost. Thus, it might create complications in field of trading capacity as this would reduce drastically since people may receive more options and could choose easily from existing ones according to their budget (Doppelt, 2017). But it will decrease the selling rate of venture. In this context, leadership is getting negatively impacted as leaders got pressurised from the similar. Orders of proper management come in their shoulder. In order to complete this duty, they have to make use of suitable strategies like supplying tour packages with extra offers, reducing the price of current travel trip, creating innovative services, etc. At the same time, work load get enhanced, and from that, each member of team feel stress - full.

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P 3. Measures which could reduce negative effects of change on organisational behaviour

Thomas Cook should focus on minimising the above-discussed adverse implications of changes so that it may not hamper or disturb their standing position or performance at market place. There are several techniques which could be utilised in this context, as stated as follows :

Examination or investigation : It is measured as helpful method for inspecting trends of contemporary markets and thus aids in collecting info about prevailing or current circumstances. Consequently, Thomas Cook have to conduct such types of activities related with research or surveys so as to determine facets associated with the senses of taste of each customer, choices preferred by them and competitors as well, which are present in marketplace. This proved to be helpful in reducing negative effects of changes, as company can easily design different plan of action in accurate mode. In addition to that, leaders and employers of referred firm could also do research about the demands or wish of every staff member. In this way, they can prepare a scheme in order to convince them effectively in minimum period of time.

Good relationship with workers : Employees are only the person who has the capacity of accomplishing different kinds of works. If supervisors would not make healthy relation with them, then they might not coordinate at the time of change management. Therefore, it is very essential to generate positive kinship with personnel who are performing at the workstation (Carrington and Deppeler, 2010). In this context, Thomas Cook should promote their managers as well as leaders to go close to their work forces so as to develop friendly relation. For doing the same, employers have to resolve each and every issue, like reduction in salary per year, problems regarding leaves, compensation amounts, incentives, work load and many more. This in turn helps in seeking attention of large number or almost all workers towards the organization, and they would surely contribute when company needs them, especially during implementation of changes which emerge in market and different other regions. Hence, effects of modifications might be trimmed down in an effective manner by coordinating with staff or team members.

Providing proper training : After convincing personnels for the execution or working according to the alterations, the next job of referred enterprise is to arrange suitable and attractive training & development  sessions for newly as well as old individuals who are being a part of their venture. In this programme, a leader is provided to each group who is responsible for giving correct direction or guidance to personnel so as they become able to work accordingly changed strategies and plans of actions (Brown, 2012). This, as a good outcome, supports workers in getting familiar about specific ways that changes can be implemented and regular working would be carried out in a similar style. Hence, Thomas Cook will easily recover from the adverse full effects with the assistance of catering correct trainings classes to their whole manpower.

Task 3

P 4. Different barriers for change and its influence on leadership decision-making

Change could be stated as the system which would generate optimistic energy in the business environment. It is usual that barricades and clatters arise at the time of varying any type of scheme within an organization. Therefore, it is necessary to handle such kinds of difficulties so that Thomas Cook will become capable of running their commercial events in operative ways. They are facing abundant complications in respect to the variations, as occurrence of change may have effect on their entire operations. There are some main barriers to change which are influencing the process of decision-making of front-runners. This concept can be better understood by below defined terms :

 Barriers affiliated with communication : This is seen as a chief cause which is responsible for fights and conflicts among team members and leaders. It also effects badly on the connections of individuals within Thomas Cook. For example, if there would be unclear announcement of significant messages amongst workers, then complete working which is being conducted for executing change gets obstructed since no one has correct information regarding their job. This, in turn, also gives undesirable influences on decision-making of leaders since working would not carry on according to their order. Hence, whole performed result will go in vain. Accordingly, employers of denoted venture ought to use better communication methods so as to transfer appropriate data to every workforce in context to enforce modifications as per their wish. It is recommending to use modern tools and techniques like social media applications such as Facebook, twitter, emails, What's App, & so on. This is considered the cheapest mode of communication (Branson, 2010). In addition to that, managers would remain 24 hours connected with their group associates and could easily inform each of them about modified plans.

Less participation of worker : This is treated as key fault of almost all enterprises as they do not involve their team workers in the process of decision-making. If personnels in Thomas Cook are not engaged in taking important judgments, then they will not show more interest in working according to the imposed changes (Alkahtani, 2011). In this respect, decisions which are made by front runners as well as leaders might not be accepted by employees as they feel themselves not a part of their firm. Thus, company should promote every team member to come for contributing their point of views on specific topic so that venture could have reached at essential conclusions along with their manpower. This will encourage as well as motivate workers to support at the time of enforcing changes.

Task 4

P 5. Different Leadership Approaches for Dealing With Change Within Organizations

This is important to deal with modifications which may arise in business environment or within corporation. In this regard, Thomas Cook could make use of different leadership approaches that are proposed by great leaders or scholars (Anderson and Anderson, 2010). Situational leadership is given through Paul Heresy as well as Ken Blanchard in the year of 1969, which discuss about the methods and tools which leader often optimise in order to manage entire modifications which are adopted in the structure of the organization. This light over the follower-leader relationship that renders systematic structure in regard of evaluating the condition, which is based on the mentioned condition:

The direction amount as well as guidance that the manager renders in operating the entire organisational task. Beside this, based on the 4 competencies of leadership that are mentioned below:

The readiness and passion level that follow exhibit at the time of performing goals and tasks. Beside this, here are mentioned the major four competencies of leadership under:

• Diagnose: Initially consider the present condition that you are trying to affect.
• Adapt: Alter the workforce behaviour as per the demand of consequence.
• Communicate: Interact the message with each and every individual to adopt and make modifications.
• Advance: Finally, movement management.

The discussed four elements are essential for the leadership in regard to making modifications in the corporate environment. This type of leadership suggests the company make the alternation as per the circumstances. An incoming leader cannot accept a certain style of management, but in order to settle accordingly, they require some specific time. Under this concept, entire tasks are eliminated among workers as per the expertise in regard to meeting the objectives in the best manner.

The company, Thomas Cook, is involved with the operations and developing the need to follow the style of leadership for effective goal accomplishment. Adopting change is a complicated process for the leader to accept, and organizations face various negative consequences and problems in managing effective communication. Here are some of the elements to consider in the in the entire process of change that are stated as below:

• manager of the organization is accountable to consider what is required for change and whether they render authentic results to them for upcoming time on which basis decision are undertaken.
• Leaders adopt the modification and try to avoid resistance among worker in order to implement the change within structure easily (Alkahtani,  2011).

Hence, Thomas Cook should have undertaken entire mentioned element for initiating alternation in effective manner:

Kotter's 8 Step Change Model

This approach is eliminated into the mentioned phases in regard of adopting the company's change within the dynamic work environment that is mentioned as below:

• Raise Urgency :  In this phase, the organization should evaluate the adoption urgency of changes and interact with worker in order to undertake further procedure.
• Create Direction for Team : As per this element, leader keep their best efforts in regard of directing the members of team for the adoption of change in most convenient manner. The main focus remains cooperation and coordination among individuals.
• Develop Vision : Organizations need to form the basic vision in regard of achieving their aims in certain period of time.
• Interacting for Buying in: In this phase, leaders consider the major opinions and view points of group members at a certain time in regard to attaining a proper vision of the organization by leading the proper vision through managing effective communication.
• Empower Activities: In this phase, enterprises inform, train, and empower their public or people for the change elements and components in regard to meeting the outcome in a more significant manner.
• Build Wins for Short Term: Short-term achievements are more encouraging. So organizations require to form targets that are short-term for rapid effective results along with inspiration (Carrington, Deppeler, and Moss, 2010).
• Don't let up: For reaching the certain easily for altering the firm's aim on several aims and goals despite a certain target.
• Create Constant Change: Through implying the changes and making proper modifications for better outcomes within the organization.

Thomas Cook is a large tour operator organisation that coordinates various activities and practices in regard to sustaining enterprise and managing change in an effective manner. Through managing activities, they can meet the proper outcome and resolve their issues in the most efficient manner.

Conclusion

As per the above-mentioned report, it can be affirmated that leadership is a very essential part of an organisation that can help in managing people and adopting the alternation within the working organisation. There are various frameworks and approaches that can be undertaken in regard to promoting and supporting modifications within the working organisation. There are various barriers and conflicts that an organization faces while developing and making alternations. Through adapting the Kotter change model, they can implement the alternation in an effective manner.

References

• Alkahtani, A.H., 2011. The impact of personality and leadership styles on leading change capability of Malaysian managers. Australian Journal of Business and Management Research. 1(2). p. 70.
• Anderson, D., and Anderson, L.A., 2010. Beyond change management: How to achieve breakthrough results through conscious change leadership. John Wiley & Sons.
• Bingham, D., and Main, E.K., 2010. Effective implementation strategies and tactics for leading change on maternity units. The Journal of Perinatal & Neonatal Nursing. 24(1). pp. 32-42.
• Branson, C.M., 2010. Leading educational change wisely. Rotterdam: Sense Publishers.
• Brown, B.C., 2012. Leading complex change with post-conventional consciousness. Journal of Organizational Change Management. 25(4). pp. 560-575.
• Carrington, S., Deppeler, J., and Moss, J., 2010. Cultivating teachers' knowledge and skills for leading change in schools. Australian journal of teacher education. 35(1). pp. 1-13.
• Doppelt, B., 2017. Leading change toward sustainability: A change-management guide for business, government, and civil society. Routledge.
• Fagerström, L., and Salmela, S., 2010. Leading change: a challenge for leaders in Nordic health care. Journal of Nursing Management. 18(5). pp. 613-617.
• Fullan, M., 2014. Leading in a culture of change personal action guide and workbook. John Wiley & Sons.
• Malenfant, K.J., 2010. Leading change in the system of scholarly communication: A case study of engaging liaison librarians for outreach to faculty. College & Research Libraries. 71(1). pp. 63-76.
• Parsons, M.L., and Cornett, P.A., 2011. Leading change for sustainability. Nurse Leader. 9(4). pp. 36-40.
• Salmela, S., Eriksson, K., and Fagerström, L., 2012. Leading change: a three-dimensional model of nurse leaders' main tasks and roles during a change process. Journal of advanced nursing. 68(2). pp. 423-433.
• Suchman, A.L., 2011. Leading change in healthcare: Transforming organizations using complexity, positive psychology, and relationship-centered care. Radcliffe Publishing.
• Thomas, T., 2013. Leading change and innovation in teacher preparation: A blueprint for developing TPACK-ready teacher candidates. TechTrends. 57(5). pp. 55-63.

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